Which kingdom(monera, protista, plantae, fungi, and animalia) is made obsolete by the three domain system of bacteria, archaea, and eukarya? Why is it obsolete?
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The kingdom Monera is made obsolete.
"Monera" was the kingdom containing all prokaryotes, that is, all single-celled organisms lacking nuclei and other complex organelles possessed by eukaryotes.
As prokaryotes were studied more by scientists, it was discovered that there are in fact important differences between prokaryotes. Some, the bacteria, were found to be more modern and more similar to eukaryotic cells. Others, now called archaea, were discovered to be much older, having genes and producing molecules not found in more modern cells.
This led to the creation of the three-domain system, which we believe to be the most accurate description of how life forms on Earth are related. The archaea are thought to be an older lineage of cells that split off of the lineage that gave rise to bacteria and eukaryotic cells.
So the major domains of life, based on genetic heritage and cellular structure, are Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. As a result, the old kingdom Monera, which encompassed both Archaea and Bacteria, is obsolete.
"Monera" was the kingdom containing all prokaryotes, that is, all single-celled organisms lacking nuclei and other complex organelles possessed by eukaryotes.
As prokaryotes were studied more by scientists, it was discovered that there are in fact important differences between prokaryotes. Some, the bacteria, were found to be more modern and more similar to eukaryotic cells. Others, now called archaea, were discovered to be much older, having genes and producing molecules not found in more modern cells.
This led to the creation of the three-domain system, which we believe to be the most accurate description of how life forms on Earth are related. The archaea are thought to be an older lineage of cells that split off of the lineage that gave rise to bacteria and eukaryotic cells.
So the major domains of life, based on genetic heritage and cellular structure, are Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. As a result, the old kingdom Monera, which encompassed both Archaea and Bacteria, is obsolete.
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Protista is made obsolete, because some protists are archaea, and some are eukarya.