How have we measured time between big bang and 2011?
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This is actually very complicated, and this time has only recently been determined to any accuracy. Multiple methods have been used, which all seem to indicate an age of about 13,700,000,000 years. One method is based on our understanding of the ways that stars age as they burn their fuel (see above). When we apply this method, we find that the oldest stars in our galaxy are about 12,000,000,000 years old. The universe cannot be younger than its oldest stars, so it must be older than this.
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I think they just observed the rate of how fast the universe is expanding and the "size" of the known universe and used that to determine how long ago would it have been when it was all extremely close together..... just a guess xD not exactly sure myself and of course its just a theory/guess
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We timed it with a stopwatch
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um... it's a theory. It hasn't actually been proven.